Tundra

  The Tundra        <span style="color: rgb(65, 190, 132)"> · <span style="color: rgb(65, 190, 132)">Arctic Tundra- North Pole and Antarctica o Average summer temperature: 35°- 55°F o Average winter temperature: -30°F o Rainfall: less than 10 inches per year

·    <span style="color: rgb(58, 182, 110)"><span style="color: rgb(58, 182, 98)"><span style="color: rgb(29, 180, 98)"><span style="color: rgb(58, 146, 98)">Alpine Tundra- high elevations; mountain tops o Average summer temperature: -20°F o Average winter temperature: -70°F o Rainfall: 6-10 inches per year <span style="color: rgb(45, 62, 235)"> Arctic Adventure <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol; color: rgb(51, 102, 255)">· Brooks Mountain Range: North of the Arctic Circle o High temperature: 27.2 o Low temperature: 4.6 o Precipitation: 9.3 inches/year o Snow: 49.3 inches/year <span style="color: rgb(45, 62, 235)">

<span style="color: rgb(45, 62, 235)"> =<span style="color: rgb(45, 62, 235)"> = <span style="color: rgb(45, 62, 235)"> =<span style="color: rgb(45, 62, 235)"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol; color: rgb(51, 102, 255)">· What should you bring? = =<span style="color: rgb(45, 62, 235)">   = <span style="color: rgb(45, 62, 235)"> o Very very warm clothes o Heavy coats o Hats, gloves, scarves, etc. <span style="color: rgb(45, 62, 235)"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol; color: rgb(51, 102, 255)"> =<span style="color: rgb(45, 62, 235)"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol; color: rgb(51, 102, 255)">· What can you do? =

<span style="color: rgb(45, 62, 235)">
<span style="color: rgb(45, 62, 235)"> o Go on cruises o Go rafting o Go canoeing o Go kayaking

<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> Animals and Plants of the Arctic =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> Polar Bears   = =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)">   = <span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> o Habitat: Packed ice or in the water o Prey: Ringed Seal in the water o Predators: None <span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)">

<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)">   = =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol; color: rgb(255, 102, 0)">· Musk Oxen    = =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> = <span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)">     = <span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)">  o Habitat: Lives in mountains and in the summer it lives in damp places such as river valleys o Prey: grasses, lichens, willow trees o Predators: Tundra wolves <span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)">

<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> = =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol; color: rgb(255, 102, 0)">· Collar Lemming  = =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)">   = <span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> o Habitat: tunnels under the snow o Prey: leaves, grasses, roots, and berries o Predator: ermine, arctic fox, snowy owl, wolf, wolverine <span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)">

<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> = =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol; color: rgb(255, 102, 0)">· Arctic Willow  = =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)">   = <span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> o Habitat: Northern Alaska; shallow root depth o Food source: sun o Predator: herbivore insects <span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)">

<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> = =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol; color: rgb(255, 102, 0)">· Yarrow  = =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)">   = <span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> o Habitat: High elevations o Food source: sun o Predator: insects <span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)">

<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> = =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Symbol; color: rgb(255, 102, 0)">· Soapberry  = =<span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)">   = <span style="color: rgb(250, 120, 15)"> o Habitat: high elevations; dry soil o Food source: sun o Predator: insects

<span style="color: rgb(163, 83, 213)"> Invasive Species Castor Canadensis (beavers)- They build dams and therefore change the physical and chemical nature of the water. When their dams build up they back up water, cause flooding, and increase the water temperature. They also increase productivity in ponds but also significantly decrease macroinvertebrate diversity. <span style="color: rgb(231, 54, 134)"> Adjacent Biome The Taiga is an adjacent biome. It lies south o f the tundra and has frigid winter temperatures as well. The taiga has more precipitation and a longer growing season. They have a lot of the same animals including the fox and weasel. The tundra mostly has low shrubs and small plants, but the taiga has coniferous and deciduous trees.

Bibliography Aldridge, V. (2006, April 18). //issg Database: Ecology of Castor canadensis//. Retrieved October 28, 2009, from <span class="wiki_link_ext">http://www.invasivespecies.net/database/species/ecology.asp?si=981&fr=1&sts=.

//Arctic Wildlife//. (n.d.). Retrieved October 28, 2008, from <span class="wiki_link_ext">http://www.saskschools.ca/~gregory/arctic/Awildlife.html.

//BC Travel Buys//. (n.d.). Retrieved October 28, 2008, from <span class="wiki_link_ext">http://www.bcadventure.com/adventure/wilderness/wildflowers/yarrow.htm.

//[Biomes - Living Worlds] :: Tundra :: Location//. (n.d.). Retrieved October 28, 2008, from <span class="wiki_link_ext">http://library.thinkquest.org /C0113340/text/biomes /biomes.tundra.location.html.

G, L. (n.d.). //Arctic Willow - Salix arctica//. Retrieved October 28, 2008, from <span class="wiki_link_ext">http://blueplanetbiomes.org/arctic_willow.htm.

Klein, K. (2003, May 18). //Plant Data Sheet//. Retrieved October 28, 2008, from <span class="wiki_link_ext">http://depts.washington.edu/propplnt/Plants /Shepherdia_canadensis.htm.

//The Alpine Biome//. (n.d.). Retrieved October 28, 2008, from <span class="wiki_link_ext">http://www.marietta.edu/~biol/biomes/alpine.htm.